ingridscience

Magnetic race track

Summary
Use a magnet to pull a car/boat/luge sled along a race track.
Science topic (2005 curriculum connection)
Physical Science: Force and Motion (grade 1)
Materials
  • image of a race car or other racing vehicle (e.g. boat for ice racing, luge) glued to a coin (test coin is attracted to magnets)
  • race tracks printed out and taped to cardboard (not to thick - the magnet needs to work through it
  • magnets, one per racing vehicle
Procedure

Put a magnet under the card below the car or cardboard car/boat/luge etc, and move the magnet to drag the vehicle along, following the track.

Discuss the pushes and pulls: the magnet pulls on the vehicle through the board to hold it to the board. As the magnet is moved the vehicle is pushed and pulled around the track.

Students can design their own race tracks.
For easy race track switching, make it on a piece of paper and clip to a slim plastic clipboard. Note that a strong bar magnet is required to make it work.

Grades taught
Gr K
Gr 1
Gr 2

Metamorphic animals Life cycle cards

Summary
Put in order cards of life stages of metamorphic animals.
Science topic (2005 curriculum connection)
Physical Science: Force and Motion (grade 1)
Materials
  • cards of drawings of animals in different stages of their life cycle e.g. frog, butterfly, wasp, barnacle, starfish, jellyfish
Procedure

I am giving you animal life cycle cards.
There are 4 different animals in your set, with four different stages of their life cycle.
Try to place the cards into four separate life cycles on your mat, so the arrows link each stage in the life cycle - start with the egg and cycle through two stages to the adult.
Some will be easy as you have seen them before, some you’ll have to guess. Don’t worry about getting it right, but look at the variety of life that goes through metamorphosis.

Discussion:
Barnacle is a crustacean, related to shrimp and crabs. Barnacle egg grows into a larva, which swims in the ocean. The larva develops into a cypris, which settles on a rock and metamorphoses to form the adult.
Crustaceans: some release fertilised eggs into the water, others hold on to the eggs until they hatch incl. barnacles. Larva called nauplius.
Jellyfish: Egg grows into a swimming larva, which attaches to a rock. Metamorphosis to form a polyp. Young jellyfish bud off. Eggs fertilized outside the parent. Larva called planula.
Starfish/sea star: The eggs grow into a swimming larva, which attaches to a rock, goes through metamorphosis to form a juvenile starfish, which grows into an adult. Eggs fertilized outside the parent. Larva called bracholaria.

Plankton
Show plankton images e.g. from https://plankton.photography/
Show larvae image and find ones like barnacle and starfish larva.
They are tiny and drift with the ocean currents. Plankton are food for other larger animals.
The adults make many young so that some survive to the next stage.

Grades taught
Gr 1
Gr 2

Magnetic sculpture

Summary
Build a sculpture using a magnet and many small iron pins or shapes.
Science topic (2005 curriculum connection)
Physical Science: Force and Motion (grade 1)
Materials
  • one large strong magnet, or several smaller strong magnets
  • card or thick paper
  • small iron-containing shapes e.g. steel pins or nails (I use the blunt pins from a broken pinscreen)
Procedure

Lay thick paper/card over the magnets.
Pile the pins or shapes onto the card, and arrange.
They can see how tall they can build the sculpture/what shapes they can make etc.

Hang pins or shapes from magnets.
Make shadow shapes with them.

Grades taught
Gr 1
Gr 2

Bees: honeycomb art

Summary
Make a tissue paper stained glass window in hexagon shapes, arranged like a honeycomb. Put up in classroom windows.
Science topic (2005 curriculum connection)
Life Science: Characteristics of Living Things (grade K)
Life Science: Needs of Living Things (grade 1)
Life Science: Animal Growth and Changes (grade 2)
Materials
  • hexagons of tissue paper, many colours, about 20 per student (use template)
  • letter sized pieces of contact paper with one corner pre-peeled, one per student
  • tape
Procedure

Remove the backing from the contact paper and tape it, sticky side up, to the table in front of a student.
Students stick hexagons of tissue paper to the contact paper, arranged as a honeycomb (or not). Tell them that once the tissue paper touches the contact paper it is impossible to get up again without tearing it.

It can be hung in a window as "stained-glass" art.

Grades taught
Gr K
Gr 1
Gr 2
Gr 3

Bees

Summary
A series of activities relating to bees: how bees see, how bees smell, art in hexagons - like honeycombs.
Curriculum connection (2005 science topic)
Life Science: Characteristics of Living Things (grade K)
Life Science: Needs of Living Things (grade 1)
Life Science: Animal Growth and Changes (grade 2)
Life Science: Diversity of Life (grade 6)
Procedure

Optionally eat honeycomb, and talk about what students know about bees.
Ideas for conversation:
Look at honeycombs. What repeating shape can you see in the honeycomb?
Taste the honey. What do bees make honey from? [flower nectar]
Chew the honeycomb. Where does the wax come from?
Why do bees make honey? [it is food for their young]

Student groups rotate through three or four activities.
Follow with discussion about each activity.

Grades taught
Gr K
Gr 1
Gr 2
Gr 3

Red wiggler worms for indoor compost bin

Summary
Red wiggler worms are robust and suitable for indoor compost bins.
They can be found in compost heaps, or purchase them.
Type of resource
Store
Notes

Some mail order websites for red wiggler worms (search "Red Wiggler" to find others):
http://urbanwormwonders.com (Mission, BC)
http://worm-composting.ca (Chilliwack, BC)
https://www.burnabyredwigglers.com (Burnaby, BC)
https://wormworx.ca (Burnaby, BC)

Apparently 500 worms in a pound.

The worms are not cheap: over $40 for half a pound, but red wigglers do well in indoor compost bins.
The alternative is to collect small garden worms, from a compost or garden soil. Avoid the large ones.

Structures and force challenges

Summary
Give students a series of challenges, some individual some requiring teamwork.
Procedure

Do each challenge in turn.

I also added in a pulley challenge: students were given two pulleys and a long length of rope, and asked to make a pulley system to move a bag from one end of an area to another. They worked together, with help from me, to understand how a simple pulley works.

Grades taught
Gr 4
Gr 5

Weathering rocks by water

Summary
Shake rocks in water to show how water weathers (breaks apart) rocks into small particles of sand and mud.
Science topic (2005 curriculum connection)
Earth and Space Science: Air, Water and Soil (grade 2)
Earth and Space Science: Weather (grade 4)
Earth and Space Science: Earth's Crust (grade 7)
Materials
  • screw cap tubes or jars, filled with water
  • rocks to test with a range of hardnesses e.g. granite pieces from a gravel field, quartz, sandstone and mudstone (from a beach), chalk
  • if rocks are not available, use pieces of a terra cotta plant pot, about 2cm square or equivalent
Procedure

Give each table group a selection of rocks with containers.
Explain that they will mimic how rain, flowing rivers or crashing waves interact with rocks.

Students to add their rock/pottery pieces to the container, screw on the cap, then vigorously shake - they can pass it around. They are mimicking water hitting the rocks, and wearing them away - the process of weathering.

Compare the different rocks and how fast they are worn away.
The igneous rocks (granite, quartz) are very hard and will not wear down at all.
The sedimentary rocks (sandstone, mudstone, chalk) and the pottery will rapidly break into smaller pieces. The water may even become cloudy from fine particles.

All rocks are weathered, each at very different rates - some rapidly and some over millions of years.
They are all worn into small particles of sand and mud.
These particles are then moved away in the process of Erosion (by water, or wind, or ice).

Notes

Try chemical weathering with a dilute acid over several days. Vinegar and chalk.
TeachEngineering activity: Rocky-to-Sandy Beach: A Weathering Model uses candies of different kinds and sugar cubes to show weathering.

Grades taught
Gr K
Gr 1
Gr 2
Gr 3
Gr 4
Gr 5
Gr 6