Stomp rocket

Summary

Make a stomp rocket. Discuss the forces/gas pressure that makes it fire.

Science content

Chemistry: States of Matter, Properties of Materials (K-7)

Chemistry: Atoms, Molecules (3-7)

Physics: Motion and Forces, Newton’s Laws, Gravity (K, 2, 6)

Physics: Energy forms, Conservation of Energy (1, 3, 4, 5)

Earth/Space: Extreme Environments, Space Exploration (6)

Science competencies (+ questioning + manipulation + others that are in every activity)

Questioning/predicting: predicting (1 up), hypothesizing (7)

Planning/conducting: measuring (non-standard K up, standard 2 up)

Planning/conducting: planning investigations (3 up)

Planning/conducting: fair testing and controlling variables (5 up)

Processing/analyzing: comparing observations with predictions (1 up)

Processing/analyzing: considering alternative explanations (5 up)

Evaluating: inferring (3 up)

Optional design additions (modelling clay on nose effective)

Lessons activity is in

Gas pressure

Flying Things

Density, buoyancy and pressure

Rockets

Materials

cardstock
stiff tube, about 12” long (1” diameter or less) e.g. 1/2" PVC water piping works great, other stiff plastic piping, or try the inside cardboard tube of a roll of aluminum foil/cling wrap
packing tape
bike inner tube, half a round (best width 1.0/1.5", max width 1.5/1.75", wider won't work nearly as well) OR flexible PVC tubing (3/8")
empty water bottle, thinner crinkly plastic personal size (500 ml) work well and last
duct tape

Procedure

To make the rocket:
Roll the cardstock snugly around the stiff tube, then tape along its length to make it into a tube. Slide the cardstock tube off, flatten one end, and tape it closed with packing tape. Optional now or after launching a few times: decorate/add rocket fins etc.
To make the launcher:
Pull the bike inner tube over the mouth of the plastic bottle and secure with duct tape. (Or push the PVC tubing inside the mouth of the bottle and secure with duct tape.)
Pull the other end of the inner tube over one end of the stiff tube and secure with duct tape. (Or push the other end of the PVC tubing inside the stiff tube and secure with duct tape.)

To launch:
Take the rocket outside, or into a gym/hallway with a high ceiling.
Slide the cardstock rocket over the stiff tube, point away from people, then stomp on the water bottle.
To reinflate the water bottle, blow down the stiff tube, before putting the rocket on again for relaunch.

Replace plastic bottle once this one stops working - try a bigger bottle (e.g. 2 litre), although stiffer plastics tend to crack sooner.

Add fins to the tube to make it fly straighter and higher.

Build with PVC tubing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=za_2uj1mbyw

Discussion in terms of molecules:
When the plastic bottle is stepped on, the air is pushed out of the bottle and into the tubing next to it, creating an area of high pressure (i.e. the molecules of air are closer together). This high pressure region moves along the flexible tube (molecules always move from high to low pressure areas), and into the stiff tube. When the high pressure molecules exit the stiff tube, they hit the cardboard rocket and push it upwards. The pressure is great enough to exert a force that sends the rocket high into the air.

Notes

Some water bottles are hard for younger students to reinflate, so are not recommended. For smaller bottles, I found the thinner plastic water bottles (500 ml) are easy to inflate and can send the rocket high. The slightly larger, thicker plastic bottles (about 700ml, water or soda drinks) are much harder to inflate. 2 litre bottles work fine but crack open sooner than the thinner more flexible plastic of the small bottles.

If the diameter of the

Grades taught

Gr K

Gr 1

Gr 2

Gr 3

Gr 4

Gr 5

Gr 6

Gr 7

Activity